The reduction of aorta histopathological images through inhibition of reactive oxygen species formation in hypercholesterolemia rattus norvegicus treated with polysaccharide peptide of Ganoderma lucidum

Objective(s):Atherosclerosis is chronic inflammatory process triggered by oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can increase hydrogen peroxide (H۲O۲)level, which induce atherosclerosis through the processes such as formation of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), foam cells, and atherosclerotic plaque. Antioxidant is needed to control negative effects of oxidative stress. One source of antioxidant, which has potential to be developed, is PsP from Ganoderma lucidum. This study aims to prove the effect of PsP in decreasing H۲O۲, PVAT, foam cells and atherosclerotic plaque. Materials and Methods: This study was experimental randomized post-test with control group design using ۲۵ Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain rats. Rats were divided into ۵ groups (negative control, positive control, and ۳ high-fat diet group with PsP dose: ۵۰, ۱۵۰, ۳۰۰ mg/kgBW). Measured parameters were H۲O۲, PVAT, foam cell, and atherosclerotic plaques. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis, followed by post hoc test. Results: Mean H۲O۲ levels, PVAT thickness, foam cell numbers, and atherosclerotic plaque were low in negative control group. ANOVA showed that PsP significantly (P<۰.۰۵) reduced H۲O۲ levels, PVAT thickness, foam cells numbers and atherosclerotic plaque width. Conclusion: PsP dose of ۳۰۰ mg/kgBW has the most significant effect in decreasing H۲O۲ levels, PVAT thickness, number of foam cells, and atherosclerotic plaque width. Based on the results of this research, PsP can be recommended as antioxidant to control pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

Keywords:

Atherosclerosis , Atherosclerotic plaque , Foam cells , Ganoderma lucidum , Hydrogen peroxide , Polysaccharide peptide , Perivascular vascular adipose - tissue