Esmaeal Tamaddonfard - Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Amir Abbas Farshid - Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Siamak Asri-Rezaee - Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Shahram Javadi - Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Voria Khosravi - Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Bentolhoda Rahman - Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Zahra Mirfakhraee - Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

Objective(s): Crocin influences many biological functions including memory and learning. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of crocin on learning and memory impairments in streptozotocine-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal (IP) injection of streptozotocin (STZ, ۴۵ mg/kg). Transfer latency (TL) paradigm in elevated plus-maze (EPM) was used as an index of learning and memory. Plasma levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA), blood levels of glucose, and serum concentrations of insulin were measured. The number of hippocampal neurons was also counted. Results: STZ increased acquisition transfer latency (TL۱) and retention transfer latency (TL۲), and MDA, decreased transfer latency shortening (TLs) and TCA, produced hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia, and reduced the number of neurons in the hippocampus. Learning and memory impairments and blood TCA, MDA, glucose, and insulin changes induced by streptozotocin were improved with long-term IP injection of crocin at doses of ۱۵ and ۳۰ mg/kg. Crocin prevented hippocampal neurons number loss in diabetic rats. Conclusion: The results indicate that oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia, and reduction of hippocampal neurons may be involved in learning and memory impairments in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, antihypoinsulinemic, and neuroprotective activities of crocin might be involved in improving learning and memory impairments.

: Crocin, Diabetic rats, Learning and memory, Oxidative stress