Majid Heidarpour - Department of Orthodontic Treatment and Torabinejad Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Saeid Sadeghian - Department of Orthodontic Treatment and Torabinejad Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Amir Siadat - Dental Student’s Research Center, School of Dentistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
Sara Siadat - Postgraduate Student, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Isfahan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
Maryam Keimasi - Dental Student’s Research Center, School of Dentistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of concomitant use of a facemask and a removable appliance and a removable appliance alone for antero-posterior expansion in Cl III children with maxillary deficiency. Methods In this retrospective analytical study, ۲۱ Cl III children aged ۸ - ۱۰ years were selected using the census sampling technique. The subjects were divided into two groups based on the treatment modality. In group A, the subjects received an antero-posterior-expanding removable appliance and in group B, they received the same removable appliance concomitant with a facemask. Pre- and post-therapeutic cephalograms were analyzed and changes and angles on both images were determined. Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests were used to compare the results of the two treatment modalities and before-after results respectively (α = ۰.۰۵). Results Wits appraisal, overjet, ANB, U۱-SN, U۱-PP and A-B difference increased in both groups after treatment (P < ۰.۰۵). In the removable appliance group, overbite, SNB and inter-incisal angle decreased (P < ۰.۰۵). In the facemask group, IMPA decreased significantly (P < ۰.۰۵). Comparison of the two treatment modalities showed that changes in SNA, ANB, overbite, IMPA, U۱-SN, U۱-PP and inter-incisal angle were significant between the two groups (P < ۰.۰۵). Conclusions Use of a removable appliance alone or in combination with a facemask resulted in the forward movement of point A and protrusion of upper incisors. The removable appliance increased the anterior facial height and decreased overbite. A combination of facemask-removable appliance did not result in the backward and downward rotation of the mandible.

Facemask, Cl III, Removable Appliance, Maxillary Deficiency, Y, plate