Mitochondrial diseases

Mitochondrial diseases are genetic diseases that are caused by mutations in nDNA or mtDNA, these genes are responsible for encoding the mitochondrial proteins that play a crucial role in mitochondrial functions including carrying out reactions of the electron transport chain. Mitochondrial proteins are encoded by both mtDNA and nDNA, however, most of the mitochondrial proteins are encoded by nDNA. Any mutation in nDNA or mtDNA will result in mitochondrial dysfunction and affects different organs ofthe body with different severities. In this research by reviewing the leading sources in the field of mitochondrial diseases, an attempt is made to properly address the importance of mitochondrial diseases and to indicate the different characteristics and types of mitochondrial diseases.

Keywords:

nDNA , mtDNA , mutation , threshold , mitochondrial diseases