Azar Mohammadzadeh - Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Psychiatry Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran b. Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Tehran, Iran
Anahita Khorrami Banadaki - Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Tehran, Iran
Atefeh Nezamolslami - Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Psychiatry Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

  Background: While theory of mind (ToM) deficit is frequently reported in children and adult with ADHD, there is no study investigating characteristics of ToM in their parents. This study aimed to investigate understanding intentionality as an important component of ToM ability in ADHD mothers and typically developing children’s mothers.   Methods:  Through available sampling, (۵۰ mothers), ۲۳ ADHD’s mothers were compared to ۲۷ age and IQ matched typically developing children’s mothers. All participants were assessed using the Animated Triangle Task for ToM performance and the Conners’ Continuous Performance Test (CPT) to evaluate neurocognitive performance. The Mann–Whitney and t-test were used as data analysis methods to examine differences between two groups. Results: poor performance of ADHD mothers was at ToM task. (p < ۰.۰۰۱) However, no significant difference was found between the two groups of mothers in CPT-II performance (p > ۰.۰۰۱). Performance of ToM was not significantly associated with CPT-II. Conclusions: ADHD mothers may have deficits in understanding intentionality. The findings suggest that researchers pay more attention to recognizing social cognition and social communication characteristics of the parents of ADHD children. It seems that using specific training programs for the parents of ADHD children to achieve ToM capacities can contribute to the promotion of their children’s social development

ADHD, Theory of Mind, Mental States, Executive Functions