Different extraction techniques used for identifying of volatile compounds of Satureja bachtiarica bunge

Three different methods: hydrodistillation (HD), microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) and Ultrasonic assist with headspace solid phase microextraction (UA-HS-SPME) accompanied with gas chromatoghraphy-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) have been applied for the first time together for extraction of volatile organic compounds of Satureja bachtiarica Bunge from Iran. Different experimental parameters such as the type of coating used for the fibers, sonication time, extraction time, temperature, and desorption time were optimized. The extraction time using the MAHD is no more than ۲۴ min using a microwave power of ۳۰۰ W. In the presence of UA-HS-SPME, the highest extraction efficiency was achieved with a ۱۰۰ μm polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) fiber. Different experimental parameters such as fiber's coating type, sonication time, extraction time and temperature, and desorption time were investigated. Carvacrol was as major component by three methods of HD (۶۴.۳۱%), MAHD (۵۴.۰۴%) and UA-HS-SPME (۷۷.۱۳%), respectively. The essential oil obtained with MAHD method contained substantially higher amounts of oxygenated compounds and lower amounts of monoterpenes than conventional method.

Keywords:

Satureja bachterica Bunge , Volatile Compound , Hydrodistillation , Microwave Hydrodistillation , Solid phase Microextraction , Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry