Evaluation of anterior pituitary hormonal profile in patients with first seizure of tonic-clonic and temporal lobe epilepsies in Al-Zahra hospital of Isfahan, Iran, during ۲۰۱۴-۲۰۱۶: comparison of hormonal profiles in ۲ types of epilepsy

Background and aims: Temporal lobe and tonic-clonic seizures are the most common types of epilepsy. It is a disease that disrupts theregulation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis. The disturbance in the regulation of this axis affects the secretion of hormonesfrom the anterior pituitary. Due to the different origins of these ۲ types of epilepsy listed above, this study aimed to examine their differencesin the level of anterior pituitary hormones.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Al-Zahra hospital of Isfahan, Iran, from ۲۰۱۴ to ۲۰۱۶. A total of ۳۶ patients with theidiopathic first seizure were selected for the examination including ۲۰ patients with tonic-clonic seizure and ۱۶ patients with temporallobe seizure. The diagnosis of epilepsy was confirmed by a neurologist along with electroencephalogram (EEG) findings. The levels ofanterior pituitary hormones including thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), GH (growth hormone),follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and PRL (prolactin) were measured and compared using ELISA method inboth groups.Results: The results indicated that all the anterior pituitary hormones except TSH and ACTH had higher means in the temporal lobe epilepsythan in the tonic-clonic epilepsy, but a significant difference (mean ± SD) was reported only in GH (۴.۵۹±۲.۹۵) (۲.۵۵±۱.۸۷) (P < ۰.۰۰۵) andFSH (۱۹.۴±۱۴.۰۶) (۴.۳۴±۲.۳۷) (P < ۰.۰۳۳) respectively in the temporal lobe and tonic-clonic seizures. Meanwhile, there was a significantrelationship between seizure, regardless of its type, and the level of growth hormone and FSH.Conclusion: In the future, hormonal changes may be used as an adjunct to diagnose the type of epilepsy. More studies are required toconfirm the findings.

Keywords:

Seizure , Hormonal profile , Tonic-clonic , TLE