ارزیابی شاخص های جوانه زنی و بیوشیمایی بذر باقلا طی انبارداری در دماها و محتوای رطوبت مختلف

This study was performed to investigate the effect of storage conditions on seed germination performance of faba bean (cv. Shami). For this purpose, a three factors factorial experiment was conducted in laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, in ۲۰۱۳-۲۰۱۴, based on CRD design with five replications.  The experimental factors were storage temperature (۱۵, ۲۵, ۳۵ and ۴۵ °C), seed moisture content (۶, ۱۰, ۱۴, ۱۸ and ۲۲ percent) and storage duration (۰, ۳۰, ۶۰, ۹۰, ۱۲۰, ۱۵۰, ۱۸۰, ۲۱۰, ۲۴۰ and ۲۷۰ days). Also, in order to study some biochemical characteristics, ۵ storage durations (۰, ۳۰, ۹۰, ۱۸۰ and ۲۷۰ days of storage) were selected. Results showed that during storage, germination percentage, seedling length, seedling dry weight and seedling vigor index responded to temperature and seed moisture content (SMC), that is by increasing the moisture content of seeds at each temperature, germination percentage reduced (۵-۱۰۰%) and electrolyte leakage (۶۰ to ۳۷۰%) increased. At temperatures of ۱۵ and ۲۵ °C at moisture contents of ۶, ۱۰ and ۱۴%, the seed deterioration rate was low while was fast (more than twice) at moisture levels of ۱۸ and ۲۲%. However, at ۳۵ and ۴۵ °C, the rate of seed deterioration, increased storage moisture content of ۱۰ %, so that at SMC of ۲۲ %, germination and seedling growth dropped to the lowest levels (zero) after ۳۰ days of storage. Soluble protein content and catalase activity also decreased with during storage period. Reduction of antioxidant enzymes activity and increase of free radical damage were found as main reasons for the decline of faba bean seed viability during storage at high temperatures and high seed moisture content. Seed moisture contents of ۶, ۱۰ and ۱۴% at temperatures of ۱۵ °C and ۲۵ °C are recommended for long-term storage of faba bean seeds.

Keywords:

Biochemical characteristics , Faba Bean , Seed deterioration , Seed moisture content , Storage temperature , باقلا , بیوشیمایی , دمای انبارداری , زوال بذر , محتوای رطوبت بذر