Mahmoud Reza Kalantari - Department of Pathology, Mashhad Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Mohammad Ali Jahanshahi - Department of Pathology, Mashhad Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Masoumeh Gharib - Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Sara Hashemi - Department of Pathology, Mashhad Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Shakiba Kalantari - Students Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Background & Objective: Urine cytology is an important diagnostic method for urinary tract cancers (especially carcinomas), which is suitable for follow-up of residual urothelial tumors after surgery of malignant bladder tumors. In this study, for the first time, liquid-based cytology (LBC) was used in cervical cytology. Compared to direct smear cytology (DSC), LBC reduced background elements (including cellular debris, inflammatory cells, and blood cells), provided better cell preservation, and had a higher satisfaction rate. In this study, we performed two different methods (DSC and LBC) to detect bladder lesions; also, we determined the sensitivity and specificity of these methods.Methods:  A total of ۱۴۶ samples were taken from patients with suspected bladder cancer and processed for direct smear and LBC. In both methods, findings were reported according to the Paris System. Then, patients underwent cystoscopy and biopsy. Next, the accuracy of cytology methods was evaluated according to biopsy reports. The sensitivity and specificity of these methods were also calculated.Results: Credit indices obtained for the direct smear method included sensitivity (۶۲.۵%), specificity (۸۹%), positive predictive value (۸۹.۵%), and negative predictive value (۹۱.۵%). For LBC methods, credit indices included sensitivity (۸۵.۷%), specificity (۹۹%), positive predictive value (۹۶%), and negative predictive value (۹۶%). Agreement between the two methods was statistically significant (P<۰.۰۰۰) in negative biopsies but not in positive biopsies (P>۰.۰۵).Conclusion: This study showed that LBC has higher sensitivity and specificity than the direct smear.

Bladder cancer, Direct Smear, Liquid-based Cytology, Urine Cytology