Raheleh Alimoradzadeh - MD, Geriatrician, Firoozabadi Clinical Research Development Unit (FACRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
Negin Moosavi - Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Azra Karimkoshteh - Assistant Professor, Medical doctor of Internal Medicine, Department of internal medicine of Ali ibn Abitaleb Hospital, Zahedan university of medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
Zahra sadeghi - Bsc in Anesthesiology at Kashan Medical University, Kashan, Iran
Maryam Milanifard - Researcher at the Anesthesia and Pain & Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine Department of Anatomy, Iran university of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Afsaneh Ismaili - BSc in Anesthesiology at Shahrekord Medical University, Shahrekord, Iran

According to previous chemistry researches, Nrf۲ is an essential leucine zipper protein that can regulate the expression of antioxidant proteins and protect against oxidative damage caused by inflammation or injury. Nrf۲ effectively activates gene products, thereby reducing reactive oxygen species and electrophiles; therefore, it can prevent the progression of many chronic diseases or delay them. It is also effective in regulating several metabolic genes (purine nucleoside biosynthesis, pentose phosphate pathway, and increasing mitochondrial function and fatty acid metabolism). The balance between oxidation and antioxidants in the body is called oxidative stress. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, which are endogenous antioxidants, cannot counteract the oxidative regulation of lipids, proteins, DNA, and cellular structures in oxidative stress. During diabetes, Nrf۲ expression decreases, thus accelerating and intensifying the oxidative stress process. It can also be suggested that the decreased Nrf۲ expression and increased oxidative stress in kidney tissue can affect the number of proteins involved in apoptosis, such as Bax and BCL۲ affect and accelerate the process of apoptosis in kidney cells.pacificus bacteria as a new species that can bioremediation.

Nrf۲, Phosphatidylinositol ۳-kinase, BCL۲, DNA