Anticancer effect of Dunaliella salina under stress and normal conditions against skin carcinoma cell line A۴۳۱ in vitro

 Dunaliella salina, a green microalga, has been consumed as food and medicine for a long time.The anti-oxidant and anticancer effects are related to more production of β- carotene under stress conditions compared with normal circumstances.The scope of this study was survey of anticancer effect of the ethanol extract of Dunaliella salina algae under stress(EDSS) and normal (EDSN) conditions on death rate of skin carcinoma cell line A۴۳۱ by MTT [۳-(۴,۵-dimethylthiazol-۲-y۱)-۲,۵-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] method in vitro. Our results showed that the β-carotene amount in stress situation was ۱.۴۶ times more than in normal condition.The cytotoxic effect of EDSS exposed to ۶.۲۵, ۱۲.۵, ۲۵, ۵۰, ۱۰۰ µg/ml in ۶, ۲۴, ۴۸ h which was performed by MTT assay showed that there was a significant difference in the various time except in ۶ h in both conditions.The results of compared death rate of A۴۳۱cells exposed to various concentrations of EDSS and EDSN presented significant difference in ۶, ۲۴, and ۴۸ h after exposure.  The LC۵۰ of EDSS in ۲۴ and ۴۸ h were ۱۵.۴ and ۰.۴ µg/ml , respectively and ۴۷۸.۶ and ۴۶.۴ µg/ml for EDSN.

Keywords:

Dunaliella salina , Anticancer , A۴۳۱ cell line , MTT assay , β-carotene