Amir Dana - Department of Physical Education, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
Efstathios Christodoulides - Lecturer in Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Lancashire, Cyprus
Tayebeh Baniasadi - Visiting Scholar, School of Public Health, Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University, USA
Saeed Ghorbani - Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Iran

Background: Worldwide, Smoking is one of the most critical public health issues. On the other hand, different levels of family activity may explain adolescent smoking behaviors. Therefore, this longitudinal study examines the effect of family activities on adolescent Smoking in the United States.Methods: ۴۹۶۶ American adolescents aged ۱۲-۱۸ years are used for analysis between ۱۹۸۰ and ۲۰۱۵. Family process criteria (peer influence, control variables, and Smoking) are used to collect data. Kaplan- Meier survival analysis and logistic regression are used to analyze the data.Results:The results showed that women are less likely to smoke than men. The same is true for blacks as compared to whites. Children separated from the family are ۲۰ percent more likely to smoke, and adolescents with high physical activity levels are less likely to smoke before age ۱۶. Moreover, moderate sport levels reduce the risk of smoking by ۱۵%, so people who are more physically active are less likely to smoke during adolescence, but parental education was not related to smoking.Conclusion: Developing standard programs with adequate education and social reinforcement and the efforts of families and communities to engage in sports activities reduced adolescent smoking

Family activities, Smoking, Adolescents