Using the Jigsaw (Puzzle) Method in Academic Environments: Benefits and Challenges

Background: Over the past few decades, collaborative teaching methods have attracted the attention of university professors. Numerous researches in this field emphasize the need for a systematic review. The present study aimed to review the studies on the effectiveness of the Jigsaw educational method on university students and expresses the advantages and disadvantages of this educational method. Materials and Methods: In this systematic review, a systemic search of online databases (Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Magiran, CIVILICA, SID, and Google Scholar search engine) was conducted for related national studies with no time limit up to December ۲۰۲۱. Qualitative, experimental, and quasi-experimental studies were included. Two reviewers evaluated the quality of eligible studies and carried out the selection procedure. Results: Finally, ten studies (n= ۵۳۵ students) were selected. The national literature review indicated that the Jigsaw method is effective in improving students' knowledge and skills. This method increases motivation to learning and deep learning, creates enjoyable learning, increases academic success, self-confidence, and self-esteem, updates information, and promotes interpersonal communication. This cooperative method can be used in different fields of study (educational sciences, English, nursing, anesthesiology, and operating room). Nevertheless, the Jigsaw teaching approach can pose challenges for both the teacher and the learner. The ineffective involvement of learners, crowded classrooms, piece learning, and a lack of final ending are among the most significant of these issues. Conclusion: Each educational method has its strengths and weaknesses. By eliminating the weaknesses of the Jigsaw method, this educational method in Iran’s educational system can have positive effects on learners' knowledge and academic performance.

Keywords:

Academic Environments , Challenges , Learning , Jigsaw , Puzzle University Students