Ashraf Ahmadi Shadmehri - Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Farideh Namvar - Department of Medicine, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
Hamidreza Miri - School of medicine, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.
Parichehre Yaghmaei - Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Mahboobeh Nakhaei Moghaddam - Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.

Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and graphene carbon material, due to lower drug resistance, can replace antibiotics, and by decorating of graphene with Zn-NPs, their properties can be greatly improved. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial effects of ZnO-NPs biosynthesized using Crocus Sativus petal extract, graphene and graphene decorated by ZnO-NPs biosynthesized using Crocus Sativus petal extract (G-ZnO). Their physicochemical characterizations were performed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), revealing that ZnO-NPs with a mean size of ۲۵ nm and spherical-shape were distributed uniformly on the surface of the graphene without aggregation. The antioxidant activities of ZnO-NPs, graphene and G-ZnO were evaluated using DPPH and ABTS assays. Antibacterial activities of three compounds were tested against Gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) using macrodilution method. The results of this study showed that these three compounds have antioxidant and antibacterial effects. And it was show that but also antioxidant and antibacterial activity of G-ZnO was higher than ZnO-NPs and graphene. G-ZnO could be useful as a natural antioxidant and antibacterial in the pharmacy industry.

Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Graphene, G-ZnO, Pharmaceutical Industry, ZnO-NPs