Ismael Bilal - Department of nursing, College of nursing, Hawler medical University, Erbil, Iraq
Sijia Xie - Department of Periodontics, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
Muna Elburki - Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Libya
Zahra Aziziaram - Research and Development Department, Giga Biotics, San Diego, California, USA
Sangar Ahmed - Department of Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
Salah Tofik Jalal Balaky - Medical Microbiology Department, College of Health Sciences, Hawler Medical University, Hawler, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

Glioblastoma is a fatal brain tumor, and the standard treatment for this cancer is the surgical removal of the tumor followed by chemotherapy with temozolomide and radiotherapy. Because chemotherapy has many side effects, the use of compounds extracted from natural herbs, due to fewer side effects, can be a good alternative or supplement to chemical drugs in cancer treatment. In this study, curcumin (diferuloylmethane), known as the main active ingredient of turmeric, was used to evaluate itscytotoxicity on four human glioblastoma cell lines (U۳۷۳, U۲۵۱, D۵۴, and T۹۸G). Among these cell lines, U۳۷۳ was temozolomide resistance, and T۹۸G was photodynamic treatment resistance. These cell lines were treated with increasing concentrations of diferuloylmethane. Survival percentage was assessed by MTT assay and the trypan blue staining method was used to evaluate the rate of cell death and confirm the results of the MTT assay. The results showed that diferuloylmethane has a cytotoxic effect on U۲۵۱, D۵۴, and T۹۸G cell lines. This effect was higher in high concentrations of diferuloylmethane on U۲۵۱ and D۵۴ than on U۳۷۳. Therefore, according to the results of the current study and further studies, curcumin (diferuloylmethane) can be considered an effective complementary treatment in the treatment of glioblastoma.  

Brain tumor, cancer, Curcuma longa, medicinal herbs, Supplement Medicine