The effect of home exercise and the sitting correction on the improvement of Scoliosis in preteen and adolescent students

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of home remodeling revisory exercises and the provision of correct sitting pattern (based on biomechanics) as a complement to physician therapy in order to, accelerate the recovery of children and adolescents who contracted to mild to moderate Scoliosis in their growing ages.Methods: Six students referred to an orthopedic doctor has been divided into two groups with mild scoliosis (contains: ۳ Students with an average age, height, weight and BMI of ۱۰.۲۶, ۱۳۹.۷۷ cm, ۳۴.۲۲ kg and ۱۷.۴۵۴ kg/m۲ respectively) and moderate scoliosis (contains: ۳ Students with an average age, height, weight and BMI of ۱۱, ۱۴۲.۴۳ cm, ۳۶.۷۲ kg and ۱۷.۹۴۹ kg / m۲ sequentially) were treated and assessed voluntarily in two stages within six months. In the first stage, after the doctor's diagnosis, the related tests of motion analysis were performed on the way of sitting and rising of the sick in two different places; the former in the doctor's office (clinic) through two standard benches (supplied for below and above ۱۱-year-old children separately) with two fixed video cameras (۱۰۸۰P / ۳۰fps) from the observing angle of Frontal plane, Sagittal plane, two Standard meters in the view of cameras and Force plate. The latter in the patients’ house to simulate their true model with three differences (۱- using their desks and chairs instead of clinic benches, ۲- utilizing one video camera on the Sagittal plane due to the inaccessibility to Frontal plane which covered by seat back and ۳- not using the Force plate). The data acquired were analyzed by using anthropometry of motion biomechanics and statics which led to the final graphs. Two important and identical factors were selected as the initial hypotheses (assumptions) about the origin or spread of the illness among the all students; The first factor is the incorrect pattern of sitting at desk and on chairs, especially during long hours of attending at virtual school classes or working with computers, and the second is the weakening of their Musculoskeletal system owing to inactivity and oversitting at home during Covid-۱۹ pandemic constraints. After beginning the treatment process according to the doctor's prescription, some extra exercises indoor and outdoor were delivered to each student as well as some sitting corrections based on motion analysis at home. Finally, after six months of remedy, the second stage was repeated with the all mentioned details of the first stage and the comparison of the stages results was accomplished.Results: Based on the results of data analysis and physician examination, the rate of improvement of spinal deviation angle and reduction of forces specially on the Thoracic Spine and Lumbar Spine of the three mild scoliosis students was with a growth of about ۶۶.۶ %, ۲۸.۵% (complete recovery), ۴۳% and in total about ۴۶% more than the prediction based on the same patients previously. Also, the recovery rate of the other group was with an increase of about ۲۷.۳%, ۱۱.۱%, ۳۰% and a total average of about ۲۳% over the expectations. Also, their daily activity was more, their mental condition was more favorable and their weight was reduced by an average of ۱.۱۷ kg.Conclusion: It seems that the use of purposeful and personalized exercises and instructing correct movement patterns, especially true sitting based on biomechanics, have a significant effect on the prevention of many deformities and movement disorders and, increasing the recovery rate and treatment of movement-related diseases such as Scoliosis.