Hesam Jahandideh - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
Pardis Rahimi - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
Pegah Foroughi Mobarakeh - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
Fatemeh Dehghani Firouzabadi - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
Maryam Roomiani - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammad Farhadi - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.

Introduction:Olfactory training is accounted as a significantly beneficial therapy for hyposmia or anosmia. There is some evidence about methylxanthine usage for this issue. In the present study, we have investigated the effects of topical aminophylline in hyposmic and anosmic patients. Materials and Methods:In this clinical trial study, patients were randomly divided into two groups (n= ۲۰/each), the case group was given aminophylline drops over a three-month period (using the contents of the vial aminophylline in the form of nasal drops, ۲۵۰ micrograms daily) with olfactory training and the control group was given normal saline drops with olfactory training over a three-month period. The olfactory capacities were assessed before the start and after the completion of treatments using a valid and reliable smell identification test.Results:In the saline and aminophylline groups, the mean ± SD relative changes in SIT score were ۰.۵۵±۰.۳۱ and ۰.۸۵±۰.۵۶, respectively. As a result, the SIT score in the saline group climbed by ۵۵ percent but increased by ۸۵ percent in the aminophylline group. The difference in SIT score between pre- and post-test was meaningful in both groups (P< ۰.۰۰۱). The aminophylline group scored significantly higher according to the marginal longitudinal regression model, adjusting baseline parameters.Conclusions:Intranasal aminophylline plus olfactory training significantly improved SIT scores in severe hyposmia or anosmia. Hypothetically, these effects are mediated through changes in cAMP and cGMP.

Aminophylline, Anosmia, Hyposmia, Theophylline, Smell identification test