Olfactory Dysfunction and Phantosmia in Patients With COVID-۱۹ in Northern Iran

Publish Year: 1401
نوع سند: مقاله ژورنالی
زبان: English
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JR_CJNS-8-3_005

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 24 مرداد 1401

Abstract:

Background: One of the most common symptoms of COVID-۱۹ infection is Olfactory Dysfunction (OD). Objectives: This study aims to investigate OD and phantosmia in COVID-۱۹ cases from northern Iran. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, participants were ۴۰۰ patients with COVID-۱۹ infection in Rasht, Iran from March ۲۰۱۹ to September ۲۰۲۰. All the patients were evaluated in terms of OD and then followed up for ۳ months face-to-face, by telephone call, or online. Results: Among ۴۰۰ patients, ۳۷.۷۵% had OD (۱۹% hyposmia, ۱۰.۷۵% primary phantosmia, and ۸% anosmia) during the initiation of the disease, but ۱۲۱ (۳۰.۲۵%) including nearly ۶۵% of anosmic and/or hyposmic cases reported phantosmia at different time intervals of followup visits. Moreover, ۶۵.۳۸% of patients reported acute onset of OD. The prevalence of OD was significantly higher in patients aged <۴۰ years (P=۰.۰۰۱) and in females (P=۰.۰۰۲). OD improved in about ۹۰% of patients within ۳ months. Peripheral oxygen saturation was better in anosmic cases and C-reactive protein level was higher in normosmic cases at their first visit. No significant difference was found in terms of other laboratory results. Conclusion: OD is a common complication of COVID-۱۹ infection, but seems not to be permanent. It is more common in young patients, females, and those with mild COVID-۱۹ infection.

Authors

Shadman Nemati

Oto-Rhinolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Amiralmomenin Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran

Ali Faghih Habibi

Oto-Rhinolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Amiralmomenin Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran

Makan Shalchizadeh

Oto-Rhinolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Amiralmomenin Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran

Tofigh Yaghubi Kalurazi

Department of Health, Nutrition and Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine Razi Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran

Heydar Ali Balou

Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical, Sciences, Rasht, Iran

Mehryar Mashouf

International Fellow of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons, Arya Hospital, Rasht, Iran

Seyed Hamidreza Bagheri

Oto-Rhinolaryngologist, Pars Hospital, Rasht, Iran

Vahid Aghsaghloo

Oto-Rhinolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Amiralmomenin Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran

Yasaman Hosseinzadeh Lakhani

Oto-Rhinolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Amiralmomenin Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran

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