Coronary Artery Involvement Kawasaki Disease Versus Non-Kawasaki Febrile Diseases in Children Attending a Pediatric Hospital in Bandar Abbas

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is one of the main causes of acquired heart disease. Due to the fact that there is no prospectivestudy regarding the involvement of coronary arteries in patients with non-KD febrile diseases.Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare coronary artery changes between non-KD febrile children and patients with (complete)KD who were hospitalized.Methods: This study was performed on ۵۶ patients aged one month to eight years (۲۶ KD cases and ۳۰ non-KD febrile cases) admittedto the Bandar Abbas Pediatric Hospital. After obtaining parental or guardian consent, demographic data, coronary arteryinvolvement, and lab tests were recorded. Chi-square and Student’s t-test were used to compare the recorded data.Results: We found that coronary artery involvement was significantly higher in KD cases (۵۰% vs. ۶.۷%), especially left coronaryartery (LCA) dilatation (۳۰.۸ % vs. ۳.۳%) and right coronary artery (RCA) brightness (۱۱.۵% vs. ۰%) were significantly higher in KD casescompared to non-KD febrile cases (P = ۰.۰۵). Meanwhile, we found that in both non-KD febrile cases and KD cases with WBC ۱۵۱۰۹/L the risk of abnormal findings increased.Conclusions: These findings suggests that non-KD febrile children, especially those with WBC ۱۵ (۱۰۹/L), as well as all KD casesshould undergo echocardiography five to six days after the onset of the illness.

Keywords:

Kawasaki Disease , Cardiovascular Diseases , Coronary Artery , Vasculitis , Echocardiography , Coronary Aneurysm