Effects of Lifestyle and Environmental Factors on the Risk of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Result of a Hospital-based Case-Control Study

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common malignancy in adults. A vast variety ofenvironmental and lifestyle factors play a role in AML incidence. This study aimed to assess thefactors related to AML.Study design: A case-control study.Methods: This case-control study was performed on ۱۳۷ AML cases during ۲۰۱۸-۲۰۲۱ at BeheshtiHospital in Hamadan, Iran, and ۱۳۷ gender/age-matched controls. A questionnaire including ۱۲items was used to obtain information about lifestyle and environmental factors. A univariate andmultiple variate logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (OR), and a ۹۵%confidence interval (CI) was used to investigate the relationship between the studied variables andthe incidence of AML.Results: Based on findings, ۶۲ (۴۵.۳%) out of the ۱۳۷ leukemic cases were male and ۷۵ (۴.۷%)were females. A statistically significant increased risk for AML was found with regard to prior usageof cytotoxic agents (OR: ۸.۰۰, ۹۵% CI: ۱.۰۱, ۶۳.۹, P=۰.۰۵۰), family history of malignancies (OR:۳.۶۲, ۹۵% CI: ۱.۶۵, ۷.۹۲, P=۰.۰۰۱), exposure to electrical power (OR: ۳.۲۲, ۹۵% CI: ۱.۵۲, ۶.۸۱,P=۰.۰۰۲), and history of mental diseases (OR: ۸.۵۰, ۹۵% CI: ۳.۶۴, ۱۹.۸۰, P=۰.۰۰۱). It was foundthat the AML incidence had no association with age, gender, radiation therapy, cigarette smoking,prior chemotherapy, congenital disorders, exposure to chemical agents, history of infectiousmononucleosis, exercise, and blood transfusion (P>۰.۰۵).Conclusion: The current results suggested that cytotoxic agents, family history of malignancy,mental disorders, and exposure to electrical power could play a role in AML incidence.

Keywords:

Acute Myeloid Leukemia , Epidemiology , Risk Factors