Kayhan Azadmanesh - Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Sayed Mohammed Jawad Alwedaie - Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Medical University of Bahrain, Manama, Bahrain
Milad Akbarzadehmoallemkolaei - Animal Model Integrated Network (AMIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran

Some viruses can infect and kill cancer cells. These viruses are known as oncolytic viruses (Virotherapy). The idea of killing cancer cells by oncolytic viruses mainly back to the old idea in the ۱۹th (nineteenth) century. Scientists observed cancer cure in some patients who contracted measles or common reovirus. Nowadays, genetically engineered oncolytic viruses are considered a new and modern way to treat bladder cancer (BC) like CAVATAK (Coxsackievirus A۲۱, CVA۲۱) and human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor transgene (VSVd۵۱-hGM-CSF). Oncolytic viruses have been considered tools for straight-killing tumor cells. New research suggests that some oncolytic viruses can trigger an immune response in the body against cancer

Bladder Cancer, Oncolytic Virus, Virotherapy