Zohreh Famili - Laser lab., Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Davoud Dorranian - Laser lab., Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Amir Hossein Sari - Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Impacts of the liquid environment on the characteristics of pulsed laser ablation (PLA) synthesized tungsten (W) nanostructures have been investigated. High purity W target was irradiated by the fundamental wavelength of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser of ۷ ns pulse width and ۱ J/cm۲ laser fluence in different liquid environments including distilled water, ethanol, acetone, and cetrimonium bromide (CTAB) solutions. Structural, chemical, and optical properties of W nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized by different spectroscopic and imaging techniques. FTIR spectra indicate the formation of a bond between W and O in the synthesized NPs, and XRD patterns confirm producing W and WO۳ composite NPs in all liquid environments. The excitonic/plasmonic absorption peak of W/WO۳ NPs were occurred in the absorption spectra of all samples. The largest particles with the lowest adhesion were synthesized in acetone solution, and adding CTAB surfactant to distilled water reduced the adhesion of NPs as is depicted by FESEM. TEM images confirm the formation of core-shell W/WO۳ nanostructures in distilled water. The PL spectra present band-to-band transitions and oxygen vacancies of WO۳.

W-WO۳ composite, Nanoparticles, Liquid environment, Laser ablation, Core-shell