Anti-Hemorrhagic Effect of Horsetail, Ortie, Alfalfa, Chêne, and Aleppo oak in an Experimental Model of Rats - a Potential Theoretic Approach for Traumatic Bleeding

Background: Prompt bleeding control in civil accidents, incidents, and combat casualties is critically essential. Preparing efficient, portable, and low-cost local anti-hemorrhagic products with minimum side effects is one of the main challenges of using them in hemorrhage control. Anti-hemorrhagic effect of some medicinal plants, including Horsetail (H), Ortie (O), Alfalfa (A۱), Chêne (C), and Aleppo oak (A۲), were evaluated in the femoral arterial bleeding rat model.Materials and Methods: After plant extraction by the maceration method, forty male rats received general anesthesia, and the left femoral artery was surgically transected. Bleeding was treated with direct gauze pressure, in both the control (without treatment) and test groups added with the mixture of five herbal extracts at ۲۰۰ g/l concentration (M-۲۰۰), the mixture of five herbal extracts at ۴۰۰ g/l concentration (M-۴۰۰), and individual extracts at ۴۰۰ g/l concentration). Bleeding stoppage time (BST), blood loss volume (BLV) was defined and some blood coagulation tests were assessed.Results: There was no statistically significant difference of BLV between mix-۲۰۰ and control groups, though it was significantly lower for mix-۴۰۰ than that the control and mix-۲۰۰ groups (P<۰.۰۵). The bleeding was statistically lower for group C compared to groups H, O, A۱, and A۲ (P<۰.۰۵). However, the difference between groups A۲, O, H, and A۱ was not significant (P>۰.۰۵). The results of BST showed no statistically significant difference between the mix-۲۰۰ and control groups, while it was significantly shorter for the mix-۴۰۰ group than the control and mix-۲۰۰ groups (P<۰.۰۵). BST was shorter in group C than groups H, O, A۱, and A۲ (P<۰.۰۵).Conclusion: According to the results, Chêne extract, as well as a mixture of five mentioned herbal extracts at ۴۰۰g/l concentration, were influential in bleeding control. Our results showed that the anti-hemorrhagic effect of the mentioned plant extracts was superior to the mixed form.

Keywords:

Anti-hemorrhagic effect , Herbs , Horsetail , Ortie , Alfalfa , Chêne , Aleppo oak , Rat