Investigation of the Incidence rate of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy with and without Prophylaxis

Background and Aims: It has been suggested that thromboembolism occurs more frequently after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy with and without prophylaxis in hospitals affiliated to Azad University from ۲۰۱۱ to ۲۰۱۴. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study was performed on ۱۵۰ patients in two groups of ۷۵ who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy in hospitals affiliated to Azad University from ۲۰۱۱ to ۲۰۱۴. A pre-made checklist was used to record patient's information such as age, gender, body mass index, treatment complications, and DVT. Furthermore, the patients were evaluated based on Wells score; moreover, a quantitative D-dimer test, and three risk classifications (Wells score) for DVT were performed ۷۲ h and ۱۴ days after surgery. Patients with a high preoperative probability score and a positive preoperative D-dimer were excluded from the study. All images with a high probability postoperative score for DVT and/or positive postoperative D-dimers were scanned for definitive diagnosis of DVT. Finally, the data were analyzed in SPSS software (version ۲۲) through the Chi-square test. A p-value less than ۰.۰۵ was considered statistically significant. Results: The DVT was not observed in any of the patients in the two groups. Moreover, ۴۰% and ۲۰% of the patients in the case and control groups had coronary artery disease, respectively, which was statistically a significant difference (P=۰.۰۰۸). Furthermore, ۴۸% and ۲۰% of the cases in the case and control groups had hypertension, respectively, which was statistically significant (P=۰.۰۰۰۱). In addition, ۲۸% and ۶.۷% of the patients in the case and control groups had hyperlipoproteinemia, respectively, which showed a significant difference between the two groups in this regard (P=۰.۰۰۱). In total, ۲۰% and ۶.۷% of the individuals in the case and control groups were sedentary, respectively, which showed a statistically significant difference (P=۰.۰۱۶). Conclusion: In this study, even those who were supposed to receive DVT according to the instructions did not receive it and did not develop DVT; therefore, it is not necessary to prescribe prophylaxis for DVT.

Keywords:

Cholecystectomy , Laparoscopy , Prophylaxis , Venous Thrombosis