Pressure Flow Dynamics in Kidney Model Using Cellular Automata Rules

Kidney has a hierarchy of nephrons on the vascular arteriole tree consisting of nephron groups that interact with neighbourhoods. The kidney modeling approach for the pressure dynamics is complex in mathematical and simulation models for paired and impaired nephrons. CA rules have been developed for multi nephron kidney model from individual nephron CA rules using cumulative algorithm based on additive cellular automata and modular arithmetic. The global emergent properties obtained from CA rules depict the pressure dynamics of the multi-scaled nephron network mode up to ten lakh nephrons, clearly illustrating the nephron’s behaviour that has been captured from the experimental analysis. Regular oscillation as normotensive behaviour and irregular oscillations as hypertensive behaviour have been observed in ۳۰۰۰۰ and ۱۰۰۰۰۰۰ nephron network models for different cases. The chaotic oscillations have been observed in the ۳۰۰۰۰-nephron kidney which leads to chronic kidney disease. Studying the causes and effects of renal diseases due to impairment of nephrons using CA kidney models leads to improvement in the early diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords:

Kidney , Cellular Automata , Dynamic class behaviour , Emergent Properties , Hypertension