Renewable Energies and Carbon Footprint Mitigationin Seaports

According to Objective ۷ of sustainable developmentgoals (SDGs) [۱], preparing sustainable energy for all people toachieve the united vision of ۲۰۵۰ is vital. In addition, as perobjective ۱۳ [۱], addressing world climate change reductionactions is an essential issue. Moving toward sustainable energyneeds replacing fossil fuel energies with renewable energies. Lessfossil fuel consumption led to less air pollution and consequentlymitigated climate change; then, there is a solid relationshipbetween the energy management system and utilizing renewableenergy with the reduction of air pollution. In addition, a recenthealth board study shows that emissions from seaports and shipslead to, At the same time, ۱۹۰۰۰ annual lung cancer cases, whileapproximately ۶۰,۰۰۰ die every year from conditions caused bypollutants [۲]. Based on the United Nations’ annual review ofmaritime transport, the annual CO۲ emissions from maritimetransport are estimated to be ۹۶۱ million tons of CO۲eq [۳].Then paying attention to the reduction measures of seaports’carbon footprint (C.F) as critical maritime infrastructure isessential because the intensive energy consumption fromprimary sources has increased carbon emissions. Consequently,this study surveyed renewable energy use to mitigate seaports'carbon footprint.