Maryam Emadzadeh - Clinical Research Development Unit, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Seyed Mostafa Parizadeh - Metabolic syndrome Research center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Reza Jafarzadeh-Esfehani - Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Reza Sahebi - Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Ramin Sadeghi - Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Gordon A. Ferns - Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Brighton, UK
Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan - Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center and Department of clinical biochemistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Objectives: Various fortification strategies have been proposed to account to treat or prevent vitamin D deficiency. However, the optimum fortification approach, and the effect of these on health is not widely understood. There have been controversial reports regarding the effect of vitamin D fortification on the lipid profile. The aim of present review is the evaluation of administration of vitamin D fortified products on lipid profile.Methods: We used databases including PubMed/Medline, ISI Web of Knowledge, Science Direct, Scopus and Cochrane Library. A search was conducted until ۲۰۲۰ Randomized controlled trials that have assessed the relationship between consumption of vitamin D fortified products and serum lipid profile were included. The relationship between fortification dose, dairy or non-dairy fortification as well as duration of intervention and plasma lipid profiles evaluated in separate sub-groups.Results: Among serum lipids including total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), low density lipoprotein(LDL) and high density lipoprotein(HDL), fortification of vitamin D was reported to have a significant effect on reducing total cholesterol (pooled estimate: -۰.۰۸۹ mmol/L, ۹۵%CI: -۰.۱۳۴ to -۰.۰۴۴, p<۰.۰۰۱). Its effect on other lipid profiles were not significant (LDL pooled estimate:-۰.۱۱۵ mmol/L, ۹۵%CI:-۰.۲۳۸ to ۰.۰۰۸; HDL pooled estimate:۰.۰۲۴ mmol/L, ۹۵%CI:-۰.۰۲۴ to ۰.۰۷۱; TG pooled estimate:-۰.۱۷۶mmol/L, ۹۵%CI:-۰.۴۹۹ to ۰.۱۴۸).Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrated that vitamin D fortification could significantly reduce TC both in long and short term interventions and in different products. However this reduction, whilst statistically significant, may not be clinically important. The effect of fortification on other lipid profile components vary depending on dose and duration.

Vitamin D, fortification, lipid profile, Cholesterol, Triglyceride, Low Density Lipoprotein