The Relationship between the Attachment Styles of Children, Parenting Styles, and the Socio-Economic Status of parents

Background: Family's socio-economic status may significantly influence parenting style. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between attachment styles of ۷ to ۱۲-year-old children, parenting styles, and the socio-economic status of parents. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and correlational study. The study population included ۷ to ۱۲ children who studied in elementary schools of Tehran in ۲۰۲۱. A sample of ۹۵ individuals were selected by random sampling method and evaluated by questionares regarding Socio-Economic status (SE) (Ghodratnama, ۲۰۱۳), Parenting Style (PS) (Baumrind, ۱۹۷۳), Kinship Center Attachment (KCA) (Halpern and Kappenberg, ۲۰۰۶). The information obtained from the samples was analysed by Pearson correlation coefficient through SPSS ۲۲ software. The level of significance was considered ۵%. Results: There was a a significant correlation between the attachment styles of the children and parenting styles and the socio-economic status of parents (r= -.۲۸۴, p<۰.۰۱). In parenting styles there was a significant relationship between authoritive parenting style and positive adjustment (r= -.۲۵۸, p<۰.۰۵), emotional reactivity (r= .۲۱۸, p<۰.۰۵), negative behaviour (r= .۳۹۴, p<۰.۰۱) and distancing from caregiver support (r= .۴۰۷, p<۰.۰۱). There was also a significant relationship between authoritarian and positive adjustment (r= .۳۱۵, p<۰.۰۱), negative behaviour (r= -.۳۱۱, p<۰.۰۱), distancing from caregiver support (r= -.۳۷۹, p<۰.۰۱). A significant relationship was observed between permissive and negative behavior (r= .۲۳۲, p<۰.۰۵). Conclusion: Both authoritative and permissive parenting styles seem to be dysfunctional. They cause different behavioural and emotional issues in children due to their attachment styles.

Keywords:

Object Attachment , Parenting , Social Class , دلبستگی شیء , فرزندپروری , طبقه اجتماعی