The effect of curcumin in the prevention of breast cancer in women

Cancer is a disease in which some cells in the body begin to divide without stopping and spread to surrounding tissues. Cancer can start anywhere in the human body, which is made up of trillions of cells. Normally, body cells grow and divide to make new cells that the body needs. When cells age or are damaged, they die and new cells take their place. When cancer develops, this process breaks down and old, damaged cells survive when they should die. These extra cells can divide without stopping and may lead to the formation of tumors. Cancer is a genetic disease, that is, it is caused by the change of genes that control the function of cells, and especially how they grow and divide. Genetic changes that cause cancer may be inherited from our parents. It may also be the result of errors that lead to cell division during a person's life or due to DNA damage due to exposure to some environmental factors. Environmental factors that may lead to cancer include things like chemicals in tobacco or ultraviolet rays from the sun. Breast cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the breast tissue. Symptoms of this cancer include a lump in the breast, a change in the appearance, small skin indentations, discharge from the nipple, a sunken nipple, or red and dry skin (crusty) of the breast. In patients with metastasis, bone pain, swelling and enlargement of lymph nodes, shortness of breath or jaundice may also be seen. Risk factors for breast cancer include female sex, obesity, physical inactivity, alcoholism, hormone replacement therapy after menopause, ionizing radiation, early menarche, late pregnancy or no pregnancy, previous history of breast cancer, and family history of breast cancer. About ۵-۱۰% of cases have a genetic background and are inherited from parents, which can be referred to as BRCA۱ and BRCA۲ gene mutations. Most breast cancers originate from the cells of the wall of the milk ducts and milk-producing lobules. Those cancers that originate from the milk ducts are called ductal carcinoma of the breast and those that originate from the small milk-producing sacs are called lobular carcinoma. There are about ۱۸ subtypes of breast cancer, some of them such as "ductal carcinoma in situ" of growth and development. Precancerous lesions arise.