Investigating the mental health of HIV-positive pregnant women

Publish Year: 1401
نوع سند: مقاله کنفرانسی
زبان: English
View: 198

This Paper With 6 Page And PDF Format Ready To Download

  • Certificate
  • من نویسنده این مقاله هستم

استخراج به نرم افزارهای پژوهشی:

لینک ثابت به این Paper:

شناسه ملی سند علمی:

NMCONF01_034

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 11 بهمن 1401

Abstract:

Mental health or mental health means the presence of psychological well-being or the absence of mental illness. A state of mental health refers to someone whose functioning is "at an acceptable level of emotional and behavioral regulation." From the point of view of psychology, mental health includes a person's ability to enjoy life and create a balance between life activities and efforts to achieve psychological resilience. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), mental health includes "mental well-being, perceived self-efficacy, autonomy, empowerment, intergenerational dependence, and self-actualization of one's intellectual and emotional abilities, as well as others." Cultural differences, subjective assessments, and various expert theories all influence how "mental health" is defined. Good mental health can improve quality of life, while poor mental health can make it worse. The HIV epidemic remains a major global health challenge. At the end of ۲۰۱۸, an estimated ۳۶.۹ million people were living with HIV worldwide, the majority of whom were in sub-Saharan Africa. In Tanzania, an estimated ۱.۵ million people are living with HIV, with a significantly higher prevalence among women (۶.۲%) compared to men (۳.۸%). Although HIV affects people of all ages, women of reproductive age are at greater risk of contracting HIV than their male counterparts. In ۲۰۱۱, HIV prevalence among women attending antenatal clinics in Tanzania was reported to be ۵.۶%.AIDS in English or Acquired immune deficiency syndrome is a disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus HIV. All over the world, the social stigma caused by AIDS exists in many ways about AIDS, such as denial of social rights, lack of acceptance by society, discrimination and shunning of people living with HIV, forcing HIV testing without prior consent or keeping it secret. Having this secret, violence against HIV-positive people who are revealed to be ill, and quarantine of HIV-positive people. Violence related to social stigma or fear of violence prevents many people from seeking HIV tests, getting tested, or If it is treated, these cases can turn such a manageable chronic disease into a death sentence and cause it to spread. The results of research have shown that the label of AIDS is an obstacle for infected women to receive medical care in health centers. These patients experience rejection by family members, friends, health care workers, employers and the church. At the family level, AIDS will affect both the lowering of the income level and the increase of medical expenses. Some of the negative psychological effects of AIDS include anxiety, depression, guilt, isolation, disruption of family dynamics, physical and mental violence, loss of social support and deterioration of constructive relationships with health professionals. AIDS is considered a serious threat to all different strata of society. Pregnant women and children are the most vulnerable and affected by this threat. In the meantime, therisk of contracting AIDS in pregnant women and also the risk of transmitting this virus to the fetus will be very threatening because more than ۷۰۰,۰۰۰ babies are infected with this virus through their mothers every year. Programs to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV can reduce the rate of transmission by ۹۲ to ۹۹ percent. This period basically includes the use of antiviral drugs in combination during pregnancy and after delivery in the child, and it should preferably be used instead of breast-feeding. Mothers should refrain from breastfeeding their infants if alternative feeding is acceptable, feasible, cost-effective, stable and safe, however, if this is not the case, breast milk is highly recommended for the first few months. If breastfeeding is done exclusively by the mother, a long-term antiviral prophylaxis course to the infant reduces the risk of transmission

Authors

Sepideh Moradi

Department of midwifery, Nursing & Midwifery sciences Development Research Center, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran

Nasim Khademi

Department of midwifery, Nursing & Midwifery sciences Development Research Center, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran