Alireza Armani Kian - Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
Mohammadreza Mohammadi - Psychiatric and Psychological Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nastaran Ahmadi - Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Zahra Hooshyari - Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Roya Ahmadizadeh - Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.

Background: Psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents cause numerous issues in adulthood. Epidemiological data could provide a broad understanding of such issues. However, data are scarce regarding the prevalence of these disorders in Iran. The present study aimed to provide detailed evidence on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among children and adolescents aged ۶-۱۸ years in Zanjan province, Iran during November-February ۲۰۱۶. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, ۱,۰۳۹ children and adolescents were selected via multistage cluster random sampling. Data were collected by face-to-face household surveys using the Persian version of kiddie schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia-present and lifetime version. Results: The overall prevalence of mental disorders in the children and adolescents in Zanjan was ۱۰.۶%. Enuresis (۴.۸%) was the most common psychiatric issue, followed by anxiety disorders (۴.۵%), behavioral disorders (۳.۸%), and neurodevelopmental disorders (۱.۵%), while mood disorders (۰.۴%) had the lowest prevalence. Moreover, the children in the rural areas were ۱.۷۳ times more likely to develop psychiatric disorders compared to their urban peers. Conclusion: According to the results, approximately ۱۸% of the children and adolescents in Zanjan had at least one psychiatric disorder. Our findings could lay the basis for further research and preventive/therapeutic interventions in this regard.

Prevalence, Psychiatric disorders, Children, Adolescents, K-SADS-PL