Ahmed Gamal El-Metwaly Ghanem - ۱M.B.B.Ch, M.S. Clinical Pathology, Specialist of Clinical Pathology, Mansoura Fever Hospital, Egypt
Mohamed Ali Atwa Barakat - Professor of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
Reham Mohammed El-Farahaty - Professor of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
Youssef Elbayoumi Youssef Soliman - Professor of Dermatology, Andrology and STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
Sohier Yahia - Professor of Pediatrics and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
Hosam Abdel Twab - Lecturer of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt

Background: Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is a challenging subset in management of infertile males. Micro-deletion of the azoospermia factor (AZF) region located on long arm of the Y-chromosome (Yq۱۱) is considered as the commonest observed genetic cause among infertile males. Inhibin-B was identified to be a more sensitive factor in evaluating azoo-spermic males than FSH and testicular biopsies.Patients and Methods: In this prospective case-control study, ۱۵۰ participants were separated into two groups: group (A) consisted of ۷۵ patients with non-obstructive azoospermia, and group (B) consisted of ۷۵ age-matched, fertile men having a child in the year prior to the study as a control group. Entire cases were subjected to full history taking and complete examination followed by laboratory analysis which comprised semen analysis, hormonal assays, including TSH, FSH, LH, E۲, prolactin, total testosterone, and inhibin-B and detection of AZF micro-deletion.Results: PRL, FSH, and LH were significantly higher (P ۰.۰۲۸, <۰.۰۰۱, <۰.۰۰۱), while total testosterone, inhibin-B level, TT/FSH, and inhibin-B/FSH ratios were significantly lower (p<۰.۰۰۱ for each) among azoospermia cases compared with control group. The frequency of AZF micro-deletions among azoospermia cases was ۴۰/۷۵ (۵۳.۳%). AZFc deletion was the most frequent type of Y-chromosome micro-deletion.Conclusion: AZF and inhibin B levels were demonstrated to be significantly correlated in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia. Higher FSH, lower testosterone, and lower inhibin-B levels could be considered as risk predictors for azoospermia, but could not be considered as risk predictor of AZF deletion among azoospermia cases.

Azoospermia Y, chromosome Azoospermia Factor Inhibin, B