An overview of the use of low power wide area networks (LPWAN) in the Internet of Things

Internet of Things (IoT) has become a hot spot in smart city, smart industry and smart home. Wired and wireless communications are commonly used in IoT systems. Several wireless communication protocols have been adopted to reduce system complexity and cost. A huge amount of sensors and wireless IoT devices will be deployed in the smart city. Therefore, several challenges have arisen to connect all IoT sensors and devices. The challenges are summarized as power consumption, coverage and quality of serviceAs such, several emerging wireless protocols have been developed to meet the requirements of IoT applications. Emerging protocols aim to connect multiple IoT devices in a wide coverage area with low power consumption. So that a new term called Wide Area Network (LPWAN) has been proposed to describe these types of protocols. Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) are a type of network that is used to connect devices to the Internet from different parts. In this article, we have described the Internet of Things, LPWAN systems, their design goals, applications and classification of their types.

Keywords:

Internet of Things , Low-Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) , Unlicensed Spectrum-Based and Licensed Spectrum-Based Low-Power Wide Area Networks