Uttam Bista - Renewable and Sustainable Energy Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Kathmandu University, P. O. Box: ۶۲۵۰, Dhulikhel, Nepal.
Bhawana Rayamajhi - Renewable and Sustainable Energy Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Kathmandu University, P. O. Box: ۶۲۵۰, Dhulikhel, Nepal.
Bipasyana Dhungana - Renewable and Sustainable Energy Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Kathmandu University, P. O. Box: ۶۲۵۰, Dhulikhel, Nepal.
Sunil Lohani - Renewable and Sustainable Energy Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Kathmandu University, P. O. Box: ۶۲۵۰, Dhulikhel, Nepal.

Anaerobic digestion is one of the most effective technologies for managing degradable waste, which produces renewable energy and digestate as the byproduct. In this study, sewage sludge (SS), poultry litter (PL), and food waste (FW) were co-digested at ratios (SS:PL:FW ۲:۱:۱) with ۸ % total solid content at ambient temperature (average ۲۲ °C) and controlled temperature (۳۵ °C) in summer. The synergistic effects of co-digesting substrates enhance the biogas production potential when digested at an optimized ratio. The maximum biogas yield was ۶۸۸.۷ L/kgVSa at the controlled temperature and ۴۶۲.۳ L/kgVSa at ambient temperature. The ambient reactor had a methane composition of ۵۵ %, while the controlled temperature reactor had about ۶۰ %. The results provide approaches to increase biogas production in the anaerobic digestion process through co-digestion and controlled mesophilic temperature. Biogas production from anaerobic co-digestion could significantly transform waste into energy in low-income countries to achieve the objective of clean energy production and environmental sustainability.

Co-digestion, Biogas, Waste, Temperature, Sustainability