Siamak Naji Hadadi - Department of Pathology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
Hale Ayatollahi - Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kosar Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
Masoumeh Noushyar - Department of Pathology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

Background: Ovarian cancer ranks second among gynecological cancers worldwide. This study aimed to compare the glucose transporter-۱ (GLUT-۱) expression in benign, borderline, and malignant ovarian epithelial tumors and evaluate GLUT-۱ expression as a diagnostic tool for distinguishing tumors in the ovary.Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study analyzed ۶۹ pathological samples of patients diagnosed with ovarian epithelial tumors who underwent oophorectomy. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using GLUT-۱ antibody. The intensity of cell membrane staining and the proportion of positive neoplastic cells were graded to score immunostaining. Chi-square/Fisher’s exact test was used to analyze the data. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV), and staining accuracy for GLUT-۱ in distinguishing borderline from invasive tumors were calculated by standard methods (P<۰.۰۵).Results: In all benign tumors, GLUT-۱ staining was negative. In addition, weak staining intensity was observed in ۳۸.۵% of borderline tumors, and ۹۶% of invasive tumors had strong staining intensity (P<۰.۰۰۱). Strong GLUT-۱ staining was found in ۹۴.۷% of Papillary Serous Carcinoma, ۹/۱% of Borderline Serous tumors, ۱۰۰% of Brenner tumors, and clear cell carcinoma. The results demonstrated a high diagnostic value of GLUT-۱ expression intensity in differentiating between borderline and malignant ovarian epithelial tumors (Accuracy: ۹۷.۱۰, Sensitivity: ۹۶%, Specificity: ۹۷.۷۳).Conclusion: Overall, GLUT-۱ expression could help distinguish benign from borderline, especially borderline from malignant ovarian epithelial tumors. Thus, it seems that it provides useful prognostic information, particularly for the borderline category

Ovarian epithelial tumors, Immunohistochemical, GLUT-۱, Benign, Borderline, Malignant