Naser Sabaghnia - Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh,Iran
Saeed Yousefzadeh - Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran

Dragonhead is an annual species whose essential oil and extracts are widely used in the medicinal,food, cosmetic, and health industries. To evaluate the quantity and quality of dragonhead productionunder different sowing density patterns and nano-iron fertilization, a field experiment was perfumed.The measured traits were the number of flowering branches, height of first flowering branch, numberof secondary branches, stem diameter, essential oil content, dry mass, essential oil yield, totalanthocyanins, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, flavonoid ۲۷۰ nm, flavonoid ۳۰۰ nm, and total flavonoid.Results showed that the treatment × trait biplot accounted ۳۹ % and ۲۵ % respectively of totalvariation. The vertex treatments in polygon biplot were ۵ cm density and ۱ g l-۱ nano-fertilizer) wasthe best in the essential oil content, dry mass and essential oil yield, while D۴-N۳ (۴۰ cm density and۲ g l-۱ nano-fertilizer) was the best for total anthocyanins, flavonoid ۲۷۰ nm, flavonoid ۳۰۰ nm andtotal flavonoid. According to the ideal treatment, all sowing densities with iron nano-fertilizertreatments (۱ and ۲ g l-۱) were the best treatment for the measured traits of the dragonhead. Overall,the findings of the present study indicated that dragonhead cultivated under all sowing densities andfertilized with iron nano-fertilizer could improve the quality and quantity of dragonhead and can besuggested as special treatments for industrial production.

Essential oil; Nano-fertilizer; Planting destiny