Gholamreza Ebrahimisaraj - Pediatric Surgery Research Center, Research Institute for Children&#۰۳۹;s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mehdi Sarafi - Pediatric Surgery Research Center, Research Institute for Children&#۰۳۹;s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Manoochehr Ebrahimian - Pediatric Surgery Research Center, Research Institute for Children&#۰۳۹;s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Amin Haj Esmaeili Zadeh - Pediatric Surgery Research Center, Research Institute for Children&#۰۳۹;s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Amir Hossein Ladan - Department of Surgery, Mousavi Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
Mahmoud Khoshkhabar - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Abouzar Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran
Hoda Ilkhani Pak - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Abouzar Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran
Leily Mohajerzadeh - Pediatric Surgery Research Center, Research Institute for Children&#۰۳۹;s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Javad Ghoroubi - Pediatric Surgery Research Center, Research Institute for Children&#۰۳۹;s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mehran Peyvasteh - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Abouzar Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran
Mohsen Rouzrokh - Pediatric Surgery Research Center, Research Institute for Children&#۰۳۹;s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Shahnam Askarpour - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Abouzar Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran
Ahmad Khaleghnejad Tabari - Pediatric Surgery Research Center, Research Institute for Children&#۰۳۹;s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Saeid Aslanabadi - Mardani Azar Pediatric Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Parinaz Alizadeh - Neonatal Health Research Center, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti Medical University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Background: Congenital hyperinsulinism (CH) is a well-known cause of the persistent neonatal hypoglycemic state that may lead to irreversible neurological damage. While medical therapy can improve the condition in some cases, refractory cases require further investigation to identify focal or diffuse pancreatic lesions. Surgery is the main treatment for refractory cases and can improve the neurological and glycemic status of patients. The study aimed to evaluate the short-term outcomes of surgical intervention in cases of CH who underwent surgical treatment. Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted to review cases of CH that underwent surgery between ۲۰۱۸ and ۲۰۲۰. Focal cases were treated with simple enucleation or distal pancreatectomy, while diffuse cases underwent near-total pancreatectomy. The glycemic and neurological states of the patients were evaluated and the results were analyzed. Results: Among the ۵۶ neonates who underwent pancreatic surgery, ۴۸ (۸۵%) had diffuse disease, and the remaining cases suffered from focal lesions. All focal cases achieved normoglycemia, while ۲۴ (۵۰%) of the diffuse cases achieved normal glycemic levels (P≤۰.۰۰۳). Additionally, the incidence of irreversible neurological deficits was higher in the diffuse group (P=۰.۰۲۹). Conclusion: The focal form of CH seems to be totally curative by surgical operations. However, the proper management of diffuse form is still demanding. Although in our study, we had an acceptable success rate in the short-term, lifelong euglycemia may not be obtainable in these patients.

Congenital Hyperinsulinism, Neonates, Neurologic Disorder, Pancreatectomy