Kamelia Ghajarzadeh - Department of Anesthesia, school of medicine, Iran university of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
Kamyar Azhdari - Department of Plastic Surgery, AJA University of medical sciences, Imam Reza Hospital, Tehran, Iran

Background: Intubation is a crucial procedure used to maintain an open airway in patients who are deeply sedated, unconscious, or under anesthesia. It enables controlled ventilation and administration of oxygen during surgeries, severe illnesses, extensive trauma, or following cardiac arrest. Difficult intubation poses a significant risk to patients’ well-being and necessitates comprehensive training programs for healthcare providers. With the rise of online teaching, it is essential to explore and understand the complications associated with difficult intubation to develop effective online training programs. Methods: A literature review was conducted to examine the relevant literature on intubation complications and online teaching approaches. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, were searched using keywords such as “intubation complications”, “difficult airway”, “online teaching”, and related terms. Studies published from January ۲۰۱۸ to September ۲۰۲۲ were included. The selection criteria focused on articles that addressed the complications of intubation, online teaching strategies, and their impact on healthcare provider training. Results: The literature review identified ۲۳ relevant studies that met the inclusion criteria. The findings highlighted the significance of understanding and addressing the complications associated with difficult intubation in online teaching programs. Various approaches were explored, including virtual simulations, video-based modules, and interactive online platforms. These methods demonstrated promising results in improving healthcare providers’ knowledge and skills related to intubation, ultimately enhancing the patients’ safety. Conclusion: This literature review emphasizes the importance of integrating the complications of difficult intubation into online teaching programs for healthcare providers. The findings support the utilization of virtual simulations, video-based modules, and interactive online platforms as effective tools in enhancing training outcomes. Online teaching provides a flexible and accessible platform for healthcare providers to learn and practice intubation techniques in a simulated environment, thus improving their preparedness for real-life scenarios.

Intubation, Ventilation, Corona, Patient, General anesthesia, Online teaching