Morteza Ghojazadeh - Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Iranian EBM Center: A Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated Group, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz, Iran
Abdollhassan Kazemi - Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Iranian EBM Center: A Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated Group, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz, Iran
Mahshad Narimani - Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Iranian EBM Center: A Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated Group, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz, Iran
Sepita Taghizadeh - Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Iranian EBM Center: A Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated Group, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz, Iran

Background and aims: Transforming the medical world, artificial intelligence has offered remarkablehelp in computing and compiling medical big data. The rapid growth in this domain requiressome ethical aspects to be considered. In this study, using a systematic review, the literaturediscussing ethical problems in AI was evaluated.Method: Our study concentrated on the systematic review approach (and the Preferred ReportingItems for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis). A comprehensive systematic search wasconducted in the PubMed electronic database from January ۲۰۰۰ up to October ۲۰۲۲, using thefollowing terms: “artificial intelligence” and “ethic*. English-language and original articles thatexplained or emphasized an ethical issue in the medical usage of AI or provided a solution to thatconcern were included. Studies that met our inclusion criteria were critically appraised by twoauthors independently.Results: ۱۳۱۲ relevant articles were retrieved from electronic databases. After removing the duplicatepublications and excluding unrelated articles based on their titles and abstracts, ۳۵۸ articlesremained and were evaluated. The studies indicated some of the ethical issues confronted indifferent fields of medicine using AI. The discussed concerns were typically about the privacy ofthe data, trustworthiness, transparency, accountability, and possible biases in this field of research.Ethical principles regarding AI in the medical field were discussed in some models, one of which,known as the collaborative model, was the most prospective for future considerations.Conclusion: To further ethics and policy change, this systematic review summarized availablematerial documenting ethical concerns in the utilization of AI in medicine. Issues, priorities, andpossible solutions to the concerns were also revealed throughout the assessment. As a result, recommendationswere made for future changes as well as regulatory choices open to stakeholdersin reform processes.

artificial intelligence, ethics, medicine