Ali Akbar Heshmati - Assistant Professor School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST)
Abbas Mirsharifi - M.Sc. Geotechnical Engineering, graduate from Iran University of Science and Technology(IUST)
Mersad Fathizadeh - M.Sc. Geotechnical Engineering, graduate from Iran University of Science and Technology(IUST)
Mohsen Sabermahani - Assistant Professor School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST)

This study aims to investigate the effect of modeling dimension (۲D¹ vs ۳D²) on thebehavior of retaining structures, specifically soil-nail walls, and to determine the presenceand effect of concave corners on the behavior of these structures. Two-dimensionalmodeling is commonly used in design and analysis, but it can lead to unrealistic estimatesof ground movement and settlement when concave angles are ignored. The studyvalidates the modeling using Geoslope and Plaxis software and then investigates thebehavior of nailed walls in Plaxis. The study finds that the presence of concave anglescauses the values of horizontal displacements to be estimated more in the ۲D model andthat the amount of wall displacement decreases at the inner edge of the concave cornerbut increases as it approaches the outer edge of the excavation. The results also show thatdifferent effective parameters such as angle, edge length, nail placement angle, and nailarrangement can affect horizontal displacement and ground surface settlement differently.The study finds that a parallel arrangement with the angle bisector can have betterperformance in controlling the amount of horizontal deformations of the corners, whilethe cross-arrangement can have a better performance in controlling the amount of verticaldeformations.

Retaining structures, Concave corners, Geotechnical modeling, excavation