Mahni Rahkar Farshi - Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Javad Ahmadian Heris - Pediatric Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Zakiyeh Ebadi - Pediatric Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Babak Abdinia - Pediatric Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

BackgroundInadequate antibiotic usage in children might have severe side effects and lead to antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Iran is the second country in terms of the rate of antibioticuse globally, and approximately one-fourth of the population of this country is under ۱۴- year- old. Therefore, the existing problems in this regard could be identified by evaluating the knowledge and practices of mothers concerning antibiotics. The present study aimed to investigate the knowledge and practice of mothers about antibiotics use among children.Materials and MethodsThis descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the pediatric hospital of Tabriz, Iran. A total of ۴۵۰ mothers of children under ۱۲ years old participated in this convenience sampling. They completed questionnaires (۱۳ questions) of knowledge and practices (۸ questions) designed by researchers. The data were analyzed using the SPSS software version ۲۰.۰.ResultsThe mean scores of mothers’ knowledge (ranged ۰-۱۳), and practices (from ۰-۸) were ۶.۸۳±۲.۸۹ and ۵.۸۳±۱.۶۳, respectively. Moreover, the education level and occupation of mothers had a significant relationship with their knowledge and practices (p <۰.۰۵).ConclusionConsidering the low level of knowledge and practices of mothers and the elevated antibiotic resistance during recent decades, major policies are required for medication distribution and counseling systems for parents. Furthermore, some plans are needed for public health education.

Antibiotic, Children, Mother, Practice, Knowledge