Humphrey Samuel - Department of Chemical Sciences, Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria
Emmanuel ETIM - Department of Chemical Sciences, Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria
Ugo Nweke-Maraizu - Department of Chemistry, Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Chalcogen bonding, an intriguing and relatively new noncovalent contact, has drawn a lot of interest in the field of chemical bonding because of its special characteristics and possible uses in supramolecular chemistry, materials research, and drug development. An interaction between a chalcogen atom (sulphur, selenium, or tellurium) and a Lewis base, usually a lone pair donor or -electron-rich system, is referred to as a chalcogen bond. Chalcogen bonding, which is a fascinating replacement for conventional hydrogen and halogen bonds, demonstrates distinctive characteristics like a wide range of binding geometries, variable strength through substitution effects, and its involvement in numerous chemical and biological systems. An overview of the characterisation of chalcogen bonding is provided in this article, with an emphasis on the theoretical underpinnings, and experimental methods. To identify and analyze chalcogen bonds, experimental methods such as X-ray crystallography, spectroscopy, and thermodynamics are addressed. The identification of chalcogen atom, the makeup of the electron donors and acceptors, and the impact of solvents are the other aspects that affect chalcogen bonding. The article also discusses chalcogen bonding, including its function in supramolecular chemistry, crystal engineering, material design, and drug development. This article gives a thorough description of the characterisation of chalcogen bonding, stressing its potential for novel applications and illuminating its essential characteristics.

Chalcogen bonding, Non-covalent interactions, spectroscopic techniques