Ali Moradi - Nursing Student, Research Committee, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran
Akram Sanagoo - Associate Professor, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
Maryam Abolghazi - Nurse, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
Karim Aqerkakli - Radiologist, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
Fatemeh Mehravar - Assistant Professor of Epidemiology, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
Leila Jouybari - Professor, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran

Background and Objectives: Emphysematous pyelitis is a rare disease, and there is limited scientific literature documenting the same. Despite being a relatively benign condition, this disease is often unreported. In light of this, the purpose of this study is to present a rare case of emphysematous pyelitis, contributing vital information on this disease. Case presentation: A ۵۱-year-old female patient hailing from northern Iran presented at the hospital with symptoms of fever, chills, lethargy, and side pain. Her medical history revealed that she suffered from kidney stones, thyroid disease, grade ۱ fatty liver disease, anemia, and cardiovascular disease. The patient was diagnosed with emphysematous pyelitis using computed tomography (CT) scanning and was promptly treated with antibiotics. Subsequently, the patient's condition improved considerably, and abscess drainage was recommended. After symptoms abated, the patient was discharged from the hospital, receiving Litorex B for removing the stones. Surgery for the removal of the stones was not pursued immediately, given that the patient's kidneys were continuing to produce urine.                       Conclusion: The patient in this case report was diagnosed with emphysematous pyelitis using a CT scan and treated with antibiotics, while abscess drainage was suggested. Reporting uncommon cases such as this can significantly increase medical students' awareness of such diseases, leading to prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Additionally, further research in the field of emphysematous pyelitis can reduce the incidence and mitigate the complications arising from this rare condition.

Emphysematous pyelitis, Kidney infection, Computed Tomography