Shahram Soheily - Assistant professor of Exercise Physiology, Safadasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Mojtaba Eizadi - Assistant professor of Exercise Physiology, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran.

Objective: Forkhead box proteins and Forkhead box transcription factor O۱ (FOXO۱) in particular, mediate insulin signaling pathways and glucose homeostasis. This study aimed to compare FOXO۱ expression in subcutaneous adipose (SA) tissue between obese rats with and without type ۲ diabetes (T۲D) and its response to resistance training in T۲D. Materials and Methods: ۲۱ male wistar rats (۲۲۰±۲۰ g) were obese by ۶ weeks high fat diet (HFD) and randomly assigned to either non-diabetes (n=۷) or two T۲D groups (control and exercise groups, n=۷ in each case). Fasting glucose, insulin, insulin resistance and FOXO۱ expression were compared between non-diabetes and diabetes groups. All variables were also assigned after resistance training in the form of climbing a ladder (۶ weeks/۵ times weekly) in exercise compare with control groups. Data were compared by ANOVA, independent and paired t-test methods (P<۰.۰۵). Results: Induction of diabetes resulted in significant increase in insulin resistance, glucose, and FOXO expression in SA tissue and a decrease in insulin compared to obese health rats (P< ۰.۰۰۰۱). A significant decrease in fasting insulin (P< ۰.۰۰۰۱), insulin resistance (P< ۰.۰۰۰۱) and FOXO۱ expression in SA tissue (P< ۰.۰۰۰۱) and increase in insulin (P: ۰.۰۰۲) were observed by resistance training compared to control diabetes rats. Conclusion: Based on our results, improving insulin resistance and glucose in response to resistance training in obese diabetic rats may be rooted in decreased insulin expression following these exercises.

Adipose tissue, Exercise, Insulin resistance, Diabetes