Mahsa Ghovvati - Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA ۹۰۰۹۵, USA
Keivan Bolouri - Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA ۹۰۰۹۵, USA
Lea Guo - Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA ۹۰۰۹۵, USA
Naoki Kaneko - Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California – Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA ۹۰۰۹۵, USA
Xuru Jin - Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NanoBioMedical Group, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People’s Hospital, Quzhou, China
Yi Xu - Department of Science & Technology, Department of Urology, Nano Medical Innovation & Collaboration Group (NMICG), The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People’s Hospital, Quzhou, China
Zhidan Hua - Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NanoBioMedical Group, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People’s Hospital, Quzhou, China
Ying Lei - Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NanoBioMedical Group, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People’s Hospital, Quzhou, China

Electroconductive polymers (ECPs) have garnered increasing attention in the realms of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to their unique physicochemical properties, including their ability to conduct electrical signals. These polymers, with inherent conductivity mirroring that of native tissues, present a promising platform for scaffolds that can modulate cell behavior and tissue formation through electrical stimulation. The biocompatibility, tunable conductivity, and topographical features of ECPs enhance cellular adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Furthermore, their electrical properties have been shown to augment nerve regeneration, cardiac tissue repair, and musculoskeletal tissue formation. Combined with other biomaterials or biological molecules, ECP-based composites exhibit synergistic effects, promoting enhanced tissue regeneration. Moreover, the integration of ECPs with cutting-edge technologies such as ۳D printing and microfluidics propels the design of sophisticated constructs for tissue engineering applications. This paper concludes with the challenges faced in the clinical translation of ECP-based scaffolds and provides perspectives on the future trajectory of ECPs in regenerative medicine. The synthesis of ECPs with emerging biotechnologies has the potential to revolutionize treatments, bridging the gap between traditional regenerative approaches and sophisticated bioelectronic remedies

Electroconductive polymers, Tissue engineering, Regenerative medicine, biomedical applications