Kamyar Mansori - Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
Salman Khazaei - Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani - Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Shiva Mansouri Hanis - School of Public Health, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
Ensiyeh Jenabi - Pediatric Developmental Disorders Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Mokhtar Soheylizad - School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Mohadeseh Sani - School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
Erfan Ayubi - Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran

Objective: Cervical cancer (CC) is the third most common cancer in women after breast and colorectal cancers and is one of the leading causes of cancer death among women in the world. The aim this study is associations of cervix cancer incidence and mortality rates with Human Development Index (HDI).Methods: The Information of the incidence and mortality rates of CC obtained from the GLOBOCAN cancer project in year ۲۰۱۲ and data for the HDI ۲۰۱۳ obtained from the World Bank database. The linear regression models were used for assessment of the HDI effect on CC occurrence rates. Inequality in the age-specific incidence and mortality rates (ASR) of CC according to the HDI were assessed by using concentration index.Results: The results of this study that incidence and mortality rates of CC were very higher in regions with low & median HDI as compared to regions that had very high & high HDI, indeed Death and incidence from CC were more concentrated in low HDI countries. There was significant negative association between cervix cancer incidence and mortality rates with all the components of HDI including life expectancy (B= -۰.۹۸, P<۰.۰۰۱), Mean years of schooling (B= -۱.۸۶, P<۰.۰۰۱), GNI (B= -۰.۳۸, P<۰.۰۰۱), urbanization level (B= -۰.۲۹, P<۰.۰۰۱), and age standardized obesity (B= -۰.۴۵ , P<۰.۰۰۱).Conclusion: It seems CC significant public health problem in countries with low HDI and requires the implementation of prevention programs and screening for early detection and treatment.