G. Najafian - Department of Cereals Research, Seed and Plant Improvement Research Institute, Blvd. Shahid Fahmideh, Karaj, Islamic Republic of Iran.
A. K. Kaffashi - Agricultural Research Center, Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran.
A. Jafar-Nezhad - Agricultural Research Center, Neishabour, Islamic Republic of Iran

Eighteen wheat breeding lines were evaluated along with two check cultivars across nine locations of temperate zone of Iran during two crop seasons (۲۰۰۳-۲۰۰۴ and ۲۰۰۴-۲۰۰۵). Field records were taken for some important traits especially grain yield. Combined ANOVA for nine locations in the first season and for seven locations in both seasons was undertaken. In each case, additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis (AMMI) was employed and the biplot of the Interaction Principal Components (IPC) were evaluated for stability and adaptation relationships among genotypes and locations. IPC۱, IPC۲ and IPC۳ accumulatively defining ۷۸.۴% of genotype×environment (G×E) interaction variation were found out as significant in the first crop season. Biplot of first two IPCs identified at least two sub-regions among the locations. Some genotypes (M-۸۲-۷ and M-۸۲-۱۷) showed specific adaptation toward one of the drought-prone sub-regions. For the combined data of both seasons, only IPC۱ was significant defining ۴۱.۵% of G×E interaction variation. Thus, plot of IPC۱ along with grain yield means were employed for an interpretation of adaptation relationships. Entries M-۸۲-۸, M-۸۲-۹, M-۸۲-۱۱ and M-۸۲-۱۵ showed specific adaptation to Mashhad station which was interactive and particular in behavior. The results indicated that AMMI is an informative method of stability and adaptation analysis to be employed in practical plant breeding and subsequent variety recommendations.

adaptation, AMMI, Bread wheat, Stability, Grain yield