Zahra Shakeran - Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, ۸۱۷۴۶-۷۳۴۴۱, Isfahan, Iran
Mehrnaz Keyhanfar - Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, ۸۱۷۴۶-۷۳۴۴۱, Isfahan, Iran
Gholamreza Asghari - Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Plants are the important sources of drugs. Secondary metabolites are responsible for therapeutic propertiesin plants. Three compounds including (-)-hyoscyamine, its racemate atropine, and scopolamine (hyoscine) are the most famous tropane alkaloids in the Solanaceae familly. Nowadays, attempts to developthese alkaloids in biotechnological procedures which are principally based on the hairy root cultures using Agrobacterium rhizogenes. In the present study, we showed the percent of induced hairy roots percent in the leaf and root explants of four plants from the Solanaceae family (Atropa belladonna L., Hyoscyamus niger L., Datura stramonium L. and Datura metel L.), that infected with the six strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes (A۴, A۷, Ar۱۵۸۳۴, Ar۹۵۳۴, Ar۹۴۰۲, and Ar۳۱۸). Hairy roots were appeared from the leaf and roots explants on ½MS medium culture. The presence of T-DNA in the supposedly transformal lines was shown by PCR. The highest transformation yield of ۹۳% was accomplished using leaf explants of D. metel infected by AR۱۵۸۳۴ and A۴ strains. One fastest growing clone of transforming D. metel roots line (induced by AR۱۵۸۳۴)was selected and the biomass of hairy and natural roots were measured and compared  after ۰, ۲, ۴, ۶, ۸ and ۱۰ days. The results showed that, the fresh and dry weight of hairy roots was ۴.۴۴ and ۴.۹۲ times higher than the weights of non-transformed roots respectively after ۸- ۱۰ days. These roots are hormone-autotrophic and have the great lateral branches. Therefore, the hairy roots of D. metel and D. stramonium can be used to increase tropane alkaloids production yield in the pharmaceutical industry.

hairy root, Agrobacterium rhizogene, Solanaceae, tropane alkaloids