Leila Falahhosseini - Gene bank Group, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
Mohammad Ali Alizadeh - Gene bank Group, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
Ali Ashraf Jafary - Department of Rangland Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
Leila Rasoolzadeh - Gene bank Group, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
Parvin Salehi Shanjani - Gene bank Group, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

The genus AnthemisL. (Asteraceae) as medicinal plants are used both for pharmaceutical purposes and in folk medicine. In order to study of seed priming effects on seedling growth of two species of Anthemis spp., an factorial experiment based on randomized complete design with three replications was conducted under greenhouse conditions in Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands in ۲۰۱۴-۲۰۱۵.A factorial experiment consisting three factors: ۱) two species including Anthemis tinctoriaL. and Anthemis triumfettii (L.) DC. which formed the three levels of factor A, and ۲) five conservation methods including: medium-term storage (active cold room ۴ °C for ۱۰ years), long- term storage (basic cold room-۱۸ °C for ۱۰ years), regenerated seeds in open air ۲۲ °C for ۲ years (Control) and aged seed under accelerated ageing )۴۰ °C,۹۸% of Relative humidity) for ۴۸ and ۷۲h made up the five levels of factor B, and ۳) five priming treatments were including: Control (without priming), osmopriming (PEG -۰.۳Mpa), hormonal priming (Giberlic acid ۲۵۰ and ۵۰۰ mg/L), hydropriming (imbibitions with distilled water) were levels of factor C. Data collected for seed emergence percent, root and shoot length, seedling length, vigor index, seedling weight and three proxidase, catalaz and super oxid desmotaz (SOD) enzymatic activities. Result of analysis of variance showed  that effects of species, conservation and priming and their interaction were significant  for many of seedling traits and enzymatic activities. According to the results, the higher values of seedling emergence, vigor index, seedling length were obtained in A. tinctoria. In contrast, peroxidase and SOD enzymatic activity were the higher in A. triumfettii. All species had higher seedling growth by using osmopriming. Both  osmo and hormonal priming method were effective in recovery of deteriorated seeds. The mean of all traits of three species were higher in base cold room (-۱۸ °C) than active cold room (۴ °C) and this a sign effect of low temperature on seed viability. The root length were higher in accelerated ageing test (۴۸h and ۷۲). It was due to positive effect of priming on improvement of deteriorated seed by increasing root length. The more seed emergence characteristics were obtained with effect of osmopriming (PEG ۰.۳Mpa), and, hormonal priming (Gibberellic acid ۲۵۰ mg/L). Regarding to result of this research work, It was proved that two priming technique osmopriming using (Poly ethylene glycol) and hormonal priming (Gibberellic acid ) were effective method for improvement of aged seed of  Anthemis spp.

Anthemis, deterioration, priming, germination, seedling growth