Maryam Abdollahi - Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Vadood Javadi - Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Reza Shiari - Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Khosro Rahmani - Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mehrnoush Hassas Yeganeh - Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Context: Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) is a significant cause of chronic renal disease in children. This review determines some risk factors associated with renal involvement in childhood HSP.  Evidence Acquisition: Electronic databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus were searched using the following keywords: “children”, “Henoch-Schonlein”, “risk factor”, “renal involvement”, and “IgA vasculitis”. This review was designed to identify the relevant electronic studies published in the English language from December ۱۹۹۸ to August ۲۰۱۸. Results: This review revealed that clinically older age at presentation, persistent rash, atypical rash, rash on unusual location, and gastrointestinal bleeding were significant risk factors for renal involvement. In contrast, joint involvement was not associated with renal involvement. Among biochemical markers, high red blood cell distribution width is a risk marker of renal involvement in HSP. In contrast, peripheral blood immunoglobulin A, antinuclear antibody, anti-streptolysin O titer, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein were not associated with renal involvement. In several studies, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, or thrombocytopenia have been mentioned as predictors for renal involvement. Still, other studies showed the white blood cell count or platelet count are not risk factors. The effect of corticosteroids as a predictive factor of renal involvement in HSP is challenging and controversial. Furthermore, their impact was dose-dependent. Conclusions: Demographic factors, clinical features, and some abnormal laboratory findings are significant predictive factors for renal involvement in HSP.

Henoch-schonlein purpura, Risk factor, Renal involvement, IgA vasculitis, Children